Growth stages of the pine bonsai tree

A pine bonsai tree involve certain concepts that, for those who are new with the coniferous or bonsai world, can be unfamiliar or confusing. One of these concepts, which is essential in the care of pine trees, is the distinction between pines with 1 or 2 growth stages. This concept refers to the growth phases of pines throughout the year.

What is a pine bonsai tree with a single growth stage?

In single growth-cycle pines, after the spring sprouting, new buds and needles will grow without giving rise to a second sprouting in the same year. Some common examples of one-bud pines are Pinus sylvestris and Pinus pentaphylla.

The care of these pine bonsai is more predictable, pruning and pinching are planned around that single growth. After spring, the tree’s energy is focused on consolidating the growth already generated. It is important to avoid drastic pruning in late summer or autumn to avoid weakening the bonsai.

And the pine bonsai tree of two growth stages?

Regarding pine bonsai with two growth stages, we have the Japanese Black Pine (Pinus thunbergii) or the White Pine (Pinus halepensis). These pines, after the pruning at the end of February and a clearing at the beginning of September, can produce a second sprouting during winter.

This second stage allows more opportunities to shape the tree and adjust its growth, but also requires a more advanced knowledge of bonsai management. Pines with two growth stages allow more aggressive pruning techniques, as the tree has the ability to regenerate branches and needles in the second growth, allowing for subsequent clear and reducing the size of the needles.

Care differences

The differences between growth stages affect not only the frequency of sprouting, but also the care techniques required. Some important differences are outlined below:

1. Pruning and pinching. One-stage trees require careful planning of pruning in spring, while two-stage trees allow for additional clear in early September after the first sprouting.
2. Fertilisation. For one-stage pines, fertilisation should be moderate after the growth period. For two-stage pines, fertilisation can be repeated after the second growth cycle.
3. Shaping and wiring. Pines with two growth stages allow greater flexibility in tree formation due to their double budding cycle (pruning at the end of February and clear at the beginning of September); whereas in the case of single-stage pines, more care must be taken to avoid long-term damage, with wiring work being carried out at the end of winter.

How to identify the pine type

Identifying if a pine tree is of one or two growth stages is essential in order to provide proper care. Generally, Japanese Black pines are of two, while Pinus sylvestris and Pinus pentaphylla are usually of one stage. However, it is always advisable to research your tree specifically to ensure that you are caring for it properly.

Understanding this concept is essential for those who want to master the art of bonsai. This distinction not only affects the rate of growth, but also determines the pruning, wiring and fertilising techniques that should be applied. Helping you to plan the best way to develop and achieve a healthy and balanced tree.

With this knowledge, you will be better prepared to care for your pine bonsai trees and maximise their potential.

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